Korralik krohv kestab enam kui pool sajandit

30. juuni  Madis Pihelgas. Kommentaarid: 24
Alumisele hõredamale krohvile pandud tihedam pealiskrohv või umbne värv lasevad kogu fassaadiviimistlusel maha pudeneda paari talve jooksul.
Krohvi värvidest tasub Eesti oludes vältida tumedaid toone - need hakkavad päikese käes paisuma," hoiatab Deckol Ehitus OÜ juhataja Rain Sirp. Heledamad toonid lisavad põhjamaistes valgusvaestes oludes heledust ning vähendavad sügissüngust.

SIA Caparol Baltica Eesti filaali juhataja Jaan Vikat osutab, et see kehtib vaid soojustuskihi krohvimisel. Päikese käes kiirelt kuumenev tume kiht ei saa siis soojust kuhugi juhtida ja päikese kadumisel tekivad krohvi mikropraod.
Krohvidest kasutatakse välistingimustes põhiliselt hõõrdkrohvi, pritskrohvi, terrasiitkrohvi. Kui esimene on tihti ka aluskrohv, siis teine ja kolmas on valdavalt viimistluskrohvid. Pritskrohvi seina loopimisel peab segu olema vedelam ja kiht õhem, siledakshõõrumine jääb ära. Muidu ilusa pritskrohvi hooldus on tülikas. Et pind on üsna poorne ja kare, koguneb aja jooksul sinna tolmu.

Eksklusiivseim on terrasiitkrohv, mis oma esinduslikkusega avaldab muljet üle seitsmekümne aasta vanustel hoonetelgi. Kuna tegemist on ühe kallima liigiga, ei hakatud suurtel kortermajadel seda hooviseintele raiskamagi. Terrasiitkrohvi puhul jääb hõõrumine ära. Siledus saadakse erilaua või kindaga surudes. Iseloomuliku välkleva mulje loob sissesegatud graniitpuru.
Enne maja krohvima asumist tuleb veenduda, et katus oleks terve ja vihmaveetorud ei laseks vett läbi. Krohvi suurim vaenlane on vesi. Teiselt poolt peab krohv olema isehingav - laskma seina niiskust välja ning isemärgumisel suutma ka kuivada.

Kõige tugevam on mineraalne krohv, mida Sirp soovitab madalama hinna ja tugevuse tõttu. Seda on lihtsam hooldada, võrreldes näiteks polümeerkrohviga, mille materjal tõmbab ligi tolmu ning ajapikku tuhmub. Samas näiteks silikoonkrohv ei lase veel imenduda, see jääb pinnale piiskadena.
Vanasti krohviti põhiliselt lubisegudega. Lubikrohv jätab oma arhailisuses näha ka meistri käekirja. Lubisegude eelisteks on hingavus ja elastsus. Miinusteks aga aeglane kivinemine ja üsna nõrk pinnatugevus. Selle parandamiseks lisatakse segudesse tsementi, mille tulemus on lubitsementkrohvid. Viimaste valik on suurem, neid valmistatakse paksemate täitekihtide tegemiseks. Ka on sellised materjalid saadaval toonitud viimistluskrohvidena.

"Kunagi ei tohi panna tugevamat, suurema tsemendisisaldusega ja tihedamat krohvikihti nõrgemale kihile," hoiatab Sirp. Tihe kiht ei võimalda seinal kuivada ja sisse jääva niiskuse tõttu võib lagunemise märke näha juba paari talve möödudes. Korralik krohv kestab seinal ilma vigadeta üle poole sajandi, lisab Vikat.

Dekoratiivkrohvide värvivalik on väga lai. Ka on nende struktuurivalik suur: alates millimeetrijämedusest hõõrdkrohvist viiemillimeetrise struktuurkrohvini.
Dekoratiivkrohvidega saab rõhutada hoonet ka arhitektuuriliselt. Näiteks esimesel iseseisvusperioodil rõhutati funktsionalistlike majade akende vahelisi linte liikumismulje huvides tumedama krohviga.

Vältima peab niiskust
-Tavaliselt saab väliskrohvile saatuslikuks vesi, mis seina vahele pääsenuna leotab ja külmetab viimistluskihi seinast lahti.
-Fassaadi krohvi parandama hakates peavad seepärast olema katus, vihmaveetorud ja aknaplekid korras.
-Aknaplekkide juures tuleks pleki külgserv pöörata U-kujuliselt üles, et suure saju ja lume korral ei saaks krohv märguda.
-Paeseinte krohvimisel tuleks eelistada lubikrohve. Lubiseguga laotud müüride puhul tuleb kasutada lubikrohve. Tsementseguga laotud müüride puhul tsementkrohve. Müürisegu ja krohvi poorsus peavad olema samad. Muidu seina ja krohvi vahele kogunev niiskus rikub katte paari aastaga.
Allikas: Tõnu Parmakson, OÜ Frantsiskus juhataja

Mis on mis
Hõõrdekrohvid
Valmistatud kas mineraalse või kunstaine baasil. Paigaldatakse kelluga. Tulemus tasandatakse hõõrukiga orientiirlaudade järgi. Pind jääb faktuurne.
Terrasiitkrohv
Valmistatud tsemendi, 2-3 mm graniidi puru ning kunstaine baasil. Paigaldatakse kelluga, tulemus vajab erilaua või kindaga tasandamist.
Pritskrohvid
Valmistatud kunstaine baasil. Kantakse peale kelluga hõõrdkrohvist vedelamat segu visates, töödeldakse üle pehme rulliga. Tulemus jääb konarlik.

Enim kulub pritskrohvi
Kulunormid kg/m2
-Hõõrdkrohvid 1,8-2,4
-Terrasiitkrohvid 2,3-5
-Pritskrohvid 3-5

Viimistluskrohv kolm korda kallim
25 kg koti hinnad, kroonides
-Tavalised ja aluskrohvid 55-200
-Viimistluskrohvid 150-600

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